Long-standing resentment between the German states and the Swiss Confederation led to heated debate over how much Zwingli owed his ideas to Lutheranism. November 10, 1483 - February 18, 1546 . Here is a German site with plenty of Images of 16th Century Woodcut Book-plates of famous Renaissance and Reformation era people, etc. Select one: a. printing press development and authority of Martin Luther. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2009. The later Puritan movement, often referred to as dissenters and nonconformists, eventually led to the formation of various Reformed denominations. [45] Frederick initially pledged to persecute Lutherans,[46] yet he quickly adopted a policy of protecting Lutheran preachers and reformers, of whom the most famous was Hans Tausen. Panstwowy Instytut Wydawniczy, 1973. Reform writers used existing styles, cliches and stereotypes which they adapted as needed. Its greatest leaders undoubtedly were Martin Luther and John Calvin. Centuries of this practice allowed diverse Protestant traditions to emerge in Romania, including Lutheranism, Calvinism and Unitarianism. However, his teachings and martyrdom spread through Czech lands creating a strong reformation movement.Desiderius Erasmus (1466–1536) Erasmus was a Catholic priest and noted s… This movement is known as the Protestant Reformation. [27][b][18][29] Luther's translation of the Bible into German was a decisive moment in the spread of literacy, and stimulated as well the printing and distribution of religious books and pamphlets. The Decline of Latin. The Protestant Reformation The Protestant Reformation was a major 16th century European movement aimed initially at reforming the beliefs and practices of The Roman Catholic Church. [citation needed]. Henry VIII led a stronger religious reform movement than Martin Luther did. [57] Nevertheless, it was not until the mid-19th century that celebrating Christmas became fashionable in the Boston region. Fewer referendums on leisure, state intervention, and redistribution in Swiss cantons with more Protestants. Counter-reformation attempts by the Catholic Church resulted in persecution of Protestants, many of which fled their European origins to make a new life in the New World. Czech reformer and university professor Jan Hus (c. 1369–1415) became the best-known representative of the Bohemian Reformation and one of the forerunners of the Protestant Reformation. John Calvin’s Contributions John Calvin was one of the reformers who would bring reformation to the city of Geneva and help establish the Protestant faith among the community of Geneva and throughout Europe. Hussites made up the vast majority of the population, forcing the Council of Basel to recognize in 1437 a system of two "religions" for the first time, signing the Compacts of Basel for the kingdom (Catholic and Czech Ultraquism a Hussite movement). In the end, while the Reformation emphasis on Protestants reading the Scriptures was one factor in the development of literacy, the impact of printing itself, the wider availability of printed works at a cheaper price, and the increasing focus on education and learning as key factors in obtaining a lucrative post, were also significant contributory factors. The Protestant Reformation was a series of events that happened in the 16th century in the Christian Church. For a more complete list, see the list of states by the date of adoption of the Reformation and the table of the adoption years for the Augsburg Confession. This established the preconditions for a series of destructive and intermittent conflicts, known as the Wars of Religion. Among the most important Protestants of the Commonwealth were Mikołaj Rej, Marcin Czechowic, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski and Symon Budny. It swept through the Bavarian, Thuringian and Swabian principalities, including the Black Company of Florian Geier, a knight from Giebelstadt who joined the peasants in the general outrage against the Catholic hierarchy. Additionally, the Orthodox also sought to join the Catholic Church (accomplished in the Union of Brześć [Brest]); however, this union failed to achieve a lasting, permanent, and complete union of the Catholics and Orthodox in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.
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