papua new guinea current issues

Formerly the Netherlands New Guinea, Papua was retained by the Dutch after Indonesian independence in 1945 but the province was annexed by Jakarta in 1963. The following terms and abbreviations are used throughout the entry:Acidification - the lowering of soil and water pH due to acid precipitation and deposition usually through precipitation; this process disrupts ecosystem nutrient flows and may kill freshwater fish and plants dependent on more neutral or alkaline conditions (see acid rain).Acid rain - characterized as containing harmful levels of sulfur dioxide or nitrogen oxide; acid rain is damaging and potentially deadly to the earth's fragile ecosystems; acidity is measured using the pH scale where 7 is neutral, values greater than 7 are considered alkaline, and values below 5.6 are considered acid precipitation; note - a pH of 2.4 (the acidity of vinegar) has been measured in rainfall in New England. Papua New Guinea’s hosting of the 2018 Asia−Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) leaders’ summit was part of a push for greater international standing, with O’Neill projecting Papua New Guinea as a regional leader advancing Pacific Islands issues such as climate change and other shared concerns. 13 November 2020 (Last Updated November 13th, 2020 09:43) Barrick Gold president Mark Bristow reportedly held discussions on royalty arrangements with landowners in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea (PNG). Two men – Michale Somare and Peter O'Neill – are currently claiming to be the rightful prime minister of the nation. currently being implemented in over 20 countries globally. Highlands Water Project - a series of dams constructed jointly by Lesotho and South Africa to redirect Lesotho's abundant water supply into a rapidly growing area in South Africa; while it is the largest infrastructure project in southern Africa, it is also the most costly and controversial; objections to the project include claims that it forces people from their homes, submerges farmlands, and squanders economic resources. Non-residents are generally taxed only on their PNG-sourced income. In small groups, students are invited to work for a non-government organisation, conduct research and submit a proposal addressing health issues in Papua New Guinea. All colouration of the individual denominations are the same as current and former Australian decimal currency. PNG continued to impose the death penalty, although authorities have not carried out any executions since 1954. Bio-indicators - a plant or animal species whose presence, abundance, and health reveal the general condition of its habitat. NW., Washington, DC 20036 (tel. Aerosol - a collection of airborne particles dispersed in a gas, smoke, or fog. Inadequate skills and weak capacity in the public service are the most critical inhibitors to development in PNG. Metallurgical plants - industries which specialize in the science, technology, and processing of metals; these plants produce highly concentrated and toxic wastes which can contribute to pollution of ground water and air when not properly disposed. The discussion of quality issues in Papua New Guinea requires that attention be focused on what is known about the actual quality of the health care provided in Papua New Guinea. I. Asian Development Bank. Potable water - water that is drinkable, safe to be consumed. Drift-net fishing - done with a net, miles in extent, that is generally anchored to a boat and left to float with the tide; often results in an over harvesting and waste of large populations of non-commercial marine species (by-catch) by its effect of "sweeping the ocean clean." Desertification - the spread of desert-like conditions in arid or semi-arid areas, due to overgrazing, loss of agriculturally productive soils, or climate change. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Papua New Guinea Transnational Issues … Inuit Circumpolar Conference (ICC) - represents the roughly 150,000 Inuits of Alaska, Canada, Greenland, and Russia in international environmental issues; a General Assembly convenes every three years to determine the focus of the ICC; the most current concerns are long-range transport of pollutants, sustainable development, and climate change. The largest nation in the Pacific, PNG is classified as a low middle-income country. Papua New Guinea’s principal external security issue concerns its western border, which abuts Indonesian Papua. In most countries this wouldn’t be an issue. In December 2017, the Supreme Court quashed a long-standing arrest warrant for corruption against Prime Minister Peter O'Neill, finding that the warrant failed to meet a number of requirements and was issued without jurisdiction. PNG continues to have one of the highest rates of maternal death in the Asia-Pacific, and the number of women and girls who give birth in a health facility or with the help of a skilled birth attendant has reduced in the last five years. HIV and AIDS. Rapid review of maternal health recommendations related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Get Lae's weather and area codes, time zone and DST. [48] Once in parliament, political parties exist "solely as parliamentary factions" [49] without firm ideological premises and party discipline. Bilateral Representation. Dredging - the practice of deepening an existing waterway; also, a technique used for collecting bottom-dwelling marine organisms (e.g., shellfish) or harvesting coral, often causing significant destruction of reef and ocean-floor ecosystems. Without a serious effort to reverse some or all of these negative trends and make more of the positive ones, PNG’s future looks bleak. Product/Service Refugees and asylum seekers do not feel safe on Manus due to a spate of violent attacks by locals in the town of Lorengau and ongoing disputes with the local community. More than 200 children in Papua New Guinea die of diarrhea each year due to lack of sanitation and … Mandaluyong City, Philippines: Asian Development Bank, 2014. Australasia. ... Zac Efron issues statement after suffering 'deadly illness' News. Freshwater - water with very low soluble mineral content; sources include lakes, streams, rivers, glaciers, and underground aquifers. Recommendations not adopted. Papua New Guinea Current Issues., Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea. As of 2002, the crude birth rate and overall mortality rate were estimated at, respectively, 31.6 and 7.8 per 1,000 people. These nine facts about water quality in New Guinea reveal a serious issue that extends beyond just access to water. In 2013, the Family Protection Act was passed, which criminalizes domestic violence and allows victims to obtain protection orders. Buchtar Tabuni, one of the leading West Papua activists and part of ‘Balikpapan Seven’, sentenced to 11 months in jail. The complaint by 156 residents was lodged with the Australian Government in September by Australia’s Human Rights Law Centre and subsequently accepted in November, paving the way for a non-judicial mediation process. New Guinea" (Nueva Guinea) was the name coined by the Spanish explorer Yñigo Ortiz de Retez.In 1545, he noted the resemblance of the people to those he had earlier seen along the Guinea coast of Africa. Human Rights Watch defends the rights of people in 90 countries worldwide, spotlighting abuses and bringing perpetrators to justice, Human Rights Watch is a 501(C)(3) nonprofit registered in the US under EIN: 13-2875808, As China’s Grip Tightens, Global Institutions Gasp, You Should Be Worrying about the Woman Shortage. NFA Challenges and Issues Regional purse seine tuna vessel over-capacity and availability of vessel licenses The regional tuna fishery produces nearly half the world's tuna, now has more vessels available to operate than required to harvest the estimated sustainable catch. Papua New Guinea’s hosting of the 2018 Asia−Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) leaders’ summit was part of a push for greater international standing, with O’Neill projecting Papua New Guinea as a regional leader advancing Pacific Islands issues … In Papua New Guinea, gender inequality is a major social, economic and political issue and remains prevalent in both urban and rural societies. Beginning in 1991, Papua New Guinea's banknotes have been produced on polymer, although in 2009 the bank issued Kina & Toea Day commemorative notes on paper substrates. Papua New Guinea: health and human well-being It includes five video chapters with related texts to facilitate an enquiry approach to development geography. Current local time in Papua New Guinea – Lae. Children's access to education improved from 2012 to 2016 following the introduction of the Tuition Fee Free Policy in 2012 but was still low, with only 76 percent of children enrolled in primary school and 33 percent in secondary. In June, in the Southern Highlands, a mob set alight a passenger plane in an election-related protest. Papua New Guinea consists of the eastern half of the mountainous island of New Guinea, plus more than 50 populated islands, extending eastwards to the island of Bougainville in the Solomon Islands chain. A foreign tax credit may be available to offset foreign tax paid against PNG tax payable (see the Foreign tax relief and tax treaties section). Former United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights Zeid Ra’ad Al Hussein visited PNG in February 2018 and called on the government to tackle a long list of abuses, including corruption, land rights abuses, gender-based violence, and attacks on activists and journalists. 202-745-3680). Health Alert – U. S. Embassy Port Moresby – July 13, 2018 Location: Papua New Guinea On July 12, the Center for Disease Control (CDC) released a Level 2 Travel Warning for Papua New Guinea (PNG) regarding the recent outbreak of Polio in the Morobe Province. LEST WE FORGET: List of failed projects by the PNG Government ... Special Purpose Agriculture & Business Leases in Papua New Guinea. Papua New Guinea recorded a Current Account surplus of 26.70 percent of the country's Gross Domestic Product in 2018. Papua is probably derived from the Malay word papuwah ("fuzzy hair"). The challenges of doing business in Papua New Guinea: an analytical summary of the 2012 business Environment Survey by the Institute of National Affairs. Cases involving it and the government regulator outnumber cases with all other telecommunications companies in Papua New Guinea combined. Rapid and accurate diagnosis of TB: New trial in PNG. Papua New Guinea By Stephen Nicholls IWP-Pacific Technical Report (International Waters Project) no. Abortion remains illegal in PNG, except in cases where the mother's life is at risk. Email: Ben.Reilly@anu.edu.au Abstract: On many measures of ethno-linguistic diversity, Papua New Guinea is the most frag-mented society in the world. SPREP Library – Cataloguing in Publication Data Nicholls, Stephen The priority environmental concerns of Papua New Guinea / prepared by Stephen Nicholls. Papua New Guinea (PNG) is richly endowed with natural resources, but exploitation has been hampered by rugged terrain, land tenure issues, and the high cost of developing infrastructure. The U.S. “We and the communities we are working with have now entered into a … 3. Iron deficiency anaemia and adverse birth outcomes in a malaria-endemic region of Papua New Guinea. Noxious substances - injurious, very harmful to living beings. National Issues & Scandals. Papua New Guinea is an independent Commonwealth realm, with the monarch serving as head of state and a governor-general, nominated by the National Parliament, serving as their representative. Australia pays for refugees’ living expenses but refuses to resettle them in Australia, insisting they must settle in PNG or third countries, such as the United States. Nearly all were forcibly transferred to PNG by Australia in 2013. More information about Papua New Guinea is available from the Department of State and other sources, some of which are listed here: CIA World Factbook Papua New Guinea Page U.S. Embassy USAID Pacific Islands Page Since June, a 12-hour curfew has been imposed on the refugees and asylum seekers in violation of their freedom of movement, following a car accident in which a woman died; an allegedly drunk refugee was driving the car. The economy has a small formal sector, focused mainly on the export of those natural resources, and an informal sector, employing the majority of the population. Limiting Beijing’s Influence Over Accountability and Justice, Convincing “Middle Powers” to Fight Autocrats Despite High Costs, Time to Re-Energize the “Never Again” Movement, Human Judgment and Responsibility in the Age of Technology, Helping Older People Stay Connected, and at Home, Changing the Terms of Engagement with Silicon Valley. Papua New Guinea (PNG) is richly endowed with natural resources, but exploitation has been hampered by rugged terrain, land tenure issues, and the high cost of developing infrastructure. In November, PNG hosted the annual Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC) forum which was overshadowed by growing tensions between China and Australia for regional dominance in the Pacific. Two men – Michale Somare and Peter O'Neill – are currently claiming to be … Although the PNG government supports universal access to contraception, two out of three women and girls still are unable to access and use it due to geographic, cultural, and economic barriers. In December 2017, the PNG government announced A$4 million (US$2.9 million) of funding for sorcery awareness and education programs. US resettlement from Manus remains slow, with 163 resettled as of October. Residents of Papua New Guinea are taxed on their worldwide income. It is not just that each of these trends will have a negative impact on the country, but that the trends are mutually reinforcing. Since 1987 there has been increasing evidence that there are serious deficits in the quality of care in rural areas and t … Australian government aid to PNG for the year 2018-19 is A$572 million (approximately US$411.3 million). The Papua New Guinea parliament was envisaged to play a 'central role' in shaping the country's democracy both through its law-making function and as the leading forum for debate on national issues. 1 . Salination - the process through which fresh (drinkable) water becomes salt (undrinkable) water; hence, desalination is the reverse process; also involves the accumulation of salts in topsoil caused by evaporation of excessive irrigation water, a process that can eventually render soil incapable of supporting crops. According to Oxfam New Zealand, contaminated water in Papua New Guinea kills 368 people every six weeks. Waterborne diseases - those in which bacteria survive in, and are transmitted through, water; always a serious threat in areas with an untreated water supply. But it's not over yet. Michael Kabui argues the stability of the current Marape-led coalition depends on three issues: the Supreme Court ruling on the validity of James Marape’s election in May 2019; Kerenga Kua’s challenge against the appointment of Belden Namah as the opposition leader; and the expiry of the 18-month post-election grace period from a vote of no confidence on 28 November 2020. In 2017, the government passed regulations to implement the law, but enforcement remains weak and inconsistent. Abandoned Rio Tinto Mine Is Blamed for Poisoned Bougainville Rivers Residents of the Papua New Guinea region have accused the mining giant of environmental and human rights violations … This program trains field epidemiologists—or disease detectives—to identify and contain outbreaks before they become epidemics. The Urban Profiling study uses a well structured approach where priority intervention projects are agreed through consultative processes. In June, authorities confirmed that the country was facing its first polio outbreak in 18 years, prompting an emergency vaccination campaign. China provided significant infrastructure support—including the A$35million (approximately US$25.4 million) convention center—and President Xi Jinping invited Pacific Island leaders to a special summit ahead of APEC. The PNG government drew criticism for its purchase of 40 new Maserati cars for visiting APEC dignitaries, when the impoverished country struggles to pay teachers and faces a health crisis. Women wave Papua New Guinean flags as they watch Chinese President Xi Jinping and Papua New Guinea's Prime Minister Peter O'Neill travel in a motorcade along the newly-dedicated Independence Drive Boulevard in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea. Papua New Guinea hit by 6.3-magnitude earthquake. Papua New Guinea (PNG) is a resource-rich country, yet almost 40 percent of the population lives in poverty. What started with the shock defection of dozens of Government ministers and MPs to the Opposition, is now going to the country's Supreme Court. HIV prevalence was 0.2 per 100 adults. Barrick looking to reopen Porgera gold mine in Papua New Guinea. Biomass - the total weight or volume of living matter in a given area or volume. Minister for Police Jelta Wong ordered an immediate investigation and promised to hold those responsible to account. NOTE: 1) The information regarding Papua New Guinea on this page is re-published from the 2020 World Fact Book of the United States Central Intelligence Agency and other sources. Corruption in PNG is widespread. Papua New Guinea’s first case of HIV was reported in 1987, and since then, HIV prevalence has risen dramatically. One rationale was that taxation be used to encourage growth of existing SMEs and encourage the Informal and Micros to formalize. Papua New Guinea successfully hosted APEC in 2018, culminating in a Leaders’ Summit in November 2018 attended by Vice President Pence. Papua New Guinea Hospitality graduates at the Australia-Pacific Technical College graduation at Port Moresby PNG. More than 5 million hectares of land has been awarded to PNG-based subsidiaries of foreign companies on Special Agricultural Business Leases, resulting in loss of ancestral land and forest for rural Papua New Guineans. Soil degradation - damage to the land's productive capacity because of poor agricultural practices such as the excessive use of pesticides or fertilizers, soil compaction from heavy equipment, or erosion of topsoil, eventually resulting in reduced ability to produce agricultural products. In 2013, the Family Protection Act was passed, which criminalizes domestic violence and allows victims to obtain protection orders. In July, prison officers shot and killed four men who escaped from Buimo prison in Lae. The following issues are most prevalent in this country. Defoliants - chemicals which cause plants to lose their leaves artificially; often used in agricultural practices for weed control, and may have detrimental impacts on human and ecosystem health. Few police are ever held to account for beating or torturing criminal suspects, a common occurrence. ... the issue of West Papua … Recommendations related to the government passed regulations to implement the law, but enforcement remains and. Concerns of Papua New Guinea ’ s economy and places these in a gas, smoke,,! Million people Bank, 2014 submit a return papua new guinea current issues income to the World health Organization ’ population! 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